Which treatment utilizes a pulse generator to stimulate the vagus nerve?

Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is a treatment that involves the use of a pulse generator to stimulate the vagus nerve, which runs from the brainstem to various organs throughout the body. This stimulation is believed to help regulate mood and can be particularly effective for individuals with treatment-resistant depression or epilepsy.

The pulse generator is surgically implanted under the skin in the chest area, and it sends regular electrical impulses to the vagus nerve. This can help improve symptoms by influencing neurotransmitter release and neural circuits involved in mood regulation. The effectiveness of VNS has been supported by numerous studies and is recognized as a valuable option in the treatment of certain mental health conditions.

Deep Brain Stimulation involves placing electrodes in specific areas of the brain rather than stimulating the vagus nerve. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain non-invasively, while Electroconvulsive Therapy involves inducing controlled seizures through electrical stimulation of the brain. Each of these treatments has distinct mechanisms and applications, differentiating them from Vagus Nerve Stimulation.