Which term refers to a pervasive and sustained emotional state that influences perception?

The term that refers to a pervasive and sustained emotional state that influences perception is mood. Mood is considered a broader emotional state that lasts over a longer period compared to affect, which is typically a more immediate and transient expression of emotion. While affect can change quickly and reflect immediate reactions, mood encompasses a longer-lasting emotional climate that can influence how a person perceives the world and interacts with it.

In contrast, insight refers to an accurate understanding of one's condition or situation, without directly relating to emotional states. Judgement pertains to the capacity to make considered decisions or come to sensible conclusions, which may be affected by mood but is not itself an emotional state. Thus, mood is the most appropriate term in the context of this question.