Which psychological disorder involves symptoms that mimic those of neurological impairment but are not attributable to a recognized medical condition?

The psychological disorder characterized by symptoms that resemble neurological impairment, which are not linked to any recognized medical condition, is conversion disorder. This disorder involves the expression of psychological distress as physical symptoms, such as paralysis, tremors, or loss of sensation, that cannot be explained by neurological or medical issues. Individuals with conversion disorder experience these symptoms as real, and they often arise in response to psychological stressors.

In contrast, malingering involves intentionally feigning symptoms for a specific external gain—such as financial compensation or avoidance of responsibilities—meaning the symptoms are deliberately produced. Factitious disorder, similarly, involves the intentional production or exaggeration of symptoms, but the motivation is to assume the sick role rather than to gain external rewards. Body dysmorphic disorder, on the other hand, focuses on an excessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in one’s appearance, rather than physical symptoms that mimic neurological conditions. Therefore, conversion disorder specifically fits the criteria described in the question.