Which of the following hormones is produced by the thyroid gland?

The hormone produced by the thyroid gland is thyroxine. Thyroxine, also known as T4, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body. It helps maintain energy levels and is vital for the proper functioning of almost every cell in the body. The production of thyroxine is stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland, and it is essential for maintaining metabolic processes.

While cortisol, adrenaline, and insulin are important hormones, they are produced by other glands in the body. Cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in stress response and metabolism. Adrenaline, also produced by the adrenal glands, plays a key role in the body's fight-or-flight response. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and regulates blood sugar levels. Each of these hormones has specific functions that are vital to maintaining homeostasis within the body, but they are not secreted by the thyroid gland.