Which medication is commonly used for treating bipolar disorder?

Lithium is commonly used for treating bipolar disorder because it is specifically effective in stabilizing mood and reducing the frequency and severity of both manic and depressive episodes. Lithium works by influencing neurotransmitter systems and helping to maintain proper chemical balance in the brain, which is crucial for individuals who experience the extreme mood swings characteristic of bipolar disorder.

In contrast, while antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can be used to treat depressive episodes, they must be monitored carefully in individuals with bipolar disorder, as they can sometimes trigger manic episodes. Buspirone is primarily used for anxiety disorders and does not have the same efficacy in treating the mood stabilization required for bipolar disorder. Thus, lithium stands out as the cornerstone of treatment specifically designed for managing the unique challenges associated with bipolar disorder.