Which disorder involves excessive thoughts that lead to repetitive behaviors?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of excessive, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) that lead individuals to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) aimed at reducing the distress or anxiety caused by these thoughts. For example, a person with OCD may constantly worry about contamination (an obsession) and feel compelled to wash their hands repeatedly (a compulsion) to alleviate that fear.

This cycle of obsession and compulsion is fundamental to the diagnosis of OCD, making it distinct from the other disorders listed. While attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) involves difficulties with attention and impulse control, it does not focus on obsessive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Generalized anxiety disorder centers on a broader spectrum of anxiety rather than specific obsessive thoughts, and social anxiety disorder involves fear related to social situations rather than the compulsive behaviors associated with OCD.

Understanding OCD's unique features helps clarify why it is the correct answer when considering disorders that combine excessive thoughts with repetitive behaviors.