Which class of antidepressants is known for having fewer side effects?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely recognized for having a more favorable side effect profile compared to other classes of antidepressants. SSRIs specifically target the serotonin neurotransmitter system by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin in the brain. This mechanism results in increased serotonin levels in synapses, which effectively alleviates depressive symptoms with fewer adverse effects.

The side effects associated with SSRIs are typically milder and more manageable than those of other classes, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants, which are known for their broader pharmacological effects and a greater risk of significant side effects. For instance, MAOIs can interact dangerously with certain foods and other medications, while tricyclic antidepressants often cause issues like weight gain, sedation, and cardiovascular effects.

Additionally, SSRIs have become a first-line treatment option due to their efficacy and safety, making them a preferred choice for many clinicians when treating depression and anxiety disorders. Their relatively low incidence of side effects allows for better patient adherence to treatment, contributing to their overall positive reception in the field of behavioral health.