What role do glial cells play in the nervous system?

Glial cells play a crucial role in the nervous system primarily by supporting, nourishing, and protecting neurons. Unlike neurons, which are responsible for transmitting signals throughout the nervous system, glial cells provide the essential environment for these signaling processes to occur effectively. They contribute to maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, providing support and protection for neurons, and participating in the repair processes following injury.

This supportive function is vital because neurons require a stable and supportive environment to thrive. Glial cells help to maintain the extracellular environment, regulate the supply of nutrients, and manage waste products. Additionally, they assist in the formation of the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from potential toxins in the bloodstream.

In contrast, the other options describe functions that are not associated with glial cells. The transmission of signals between neurons is conducted by the neurons themselves, not glial cells. The generation of electrical impulses is also a function of neurons, reflecting their capability to communicate through synaptic connections. Lastly, while glial cells, specifically oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, are involved in forming the protective myelin sheath around axons, this role is more specialized and does not encompass the broader supportive functions of all glial cells. Therefore, the