What is the primary purpose of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is primarily utilized to treat certain mood disorders, particularly severe depression and bipolar disorder. The treatment involves sending small electric currents through the brain, intentionally inducing a brief seizure. This process is believed to cause changes in brain chemistry that can quickly reverse symptoms of certain mental health conditions.

The effectiveness of ECT in alleviating severe symptoms of mood disorders, particularly when other treatments have failed, is well-established. It is particularly notable that the therapeutic effects of ECT may lead to rapid improvements in mood, which is crucial for individuals in acute distress or at risk of suicide.

While some other treatments aim to alleviate physical pain, enhance cognitive functions, or involve surgical interventions, these do not align with the specific purpose of ECT. ECT focuses solely on addressing the neurobiological sources of mood disorders through the induction of controlled seizures, making it a unique and targeted approach within mental health treatment.