What is the most effective method to decrease lung cancer mortality and morbidity?

The most effective method to decrease lung cancer mortality and morbidity is smoking cessation. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of cases. Quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of developing lung cancer and is an essential preventive measure. Research shows that individuals who stop smoking can see substantial health benefits, including a decreased risk of lung cancer and improved overall lung function.

Early detection through screening is beneficial for detecting lung cancer at earlier stages, where treatments may be more effective, but it does not address the root cause of the disease, which is often smoking. Surgical interventions and chemotherapy play critical roles in the treatment of lung cancer once diagnosed, but they do not prevent the onset of the disease. Thus, while these methods can help manage the disease, they cannot reduce the incidence as effectively as eliminating the most significant risk factor through smoking cessation.