What is the definition of substance abuse?

Substance abuse is best defined as the continued use of a substance despite the occurrence of negative consequences or problems that arise from its use. This can encompass a wide range of situations where an individual persists in using alcohol, illicit drugs, or even prescription medications, regardless of how it impacts their health, relationships, work, or other areas of life. The essence of substance abuse lies in the inability to stop or control the substance use despite being aware of these adverse effects.

The other options do not accurately reflect the seriousness or the criteria for diagnosing substance abuse. Occasional use of drugs or alcohol does not imply a problematic pattern of behavior, and the use of prescribed medication can be responsible and aligned with medical guidance, hence not categorizing it as abuse. Additionally, the occasional consumption of alcohol may not lead to substance abuse unless it escalates to problematic levels that affect the individual's life negatively. Recognizing the distinction between casual use and abuse is crucial in identifying those who may need support or intervention for their substance use behaviors.