What is the definition of a 'theory' in a psychological context?

In psychology, a 'theory' refers to an organized set of concepts that explain certain phenomena, particularly behavior and mental processes. Theories are developed through extensive research and observation, integrating various findings to provide a comprehensive understanding of how and why certain behaviors occur. This organized framework allows psychologists to make predictions and guide further research, serving as a foundation for new hypotheses.

The other options do not capture the complexity and robustness of a theory. An untested assumption about behavior does not provide a structured explanation and lacks the empirical support necessary for it to be considered a theory. A single hypothesis is typically just one part of the larger theoretical framework and does not encompass the depth required to explain broad behavior patterns. Lastly, while a psychological model may share similarities with a theory, it may not be as comprehensive or systematic, often focusing on specific phenomena or behaviors rather than providing a broad explanation. Thus, the correct understanding of a theory is vital for comprehending psychological principles and research methodologies.