What is emphasized in cognitive theory regarding the development of depression?

Cognitive theory emphasizes the role of thoughts and beliefs in influencing emotions and behaviors, particularly in the development of depression. According to this theory, individuals who develop depression often possess a pervasive negative view of themselves, their experiences, and their future. This negative perspective can lead to a cycle of despair and hopelessness, as such individuals may interpret situations in a way that further entrenches their negative self-image and outlook on life.

By maintaining a belief that they are inadequate or that their future is bleak, individuals may become trapped in patterns of negative thinking that exacerbate depressive symptoms. Cognitive theory also posits that these thought patterns can be modified through cognitive restructuring, allowing individuals to challenge and change their negative views, ultimately promoting healthier emotional states.

The other options do not capture the essence of what cognitive theory identifies as the root contributors to depression. A positive outlook, for example, is often the opposite of the negative views that cognitive theory discusses, while engaging in constructive behaviors and minimizing negative thoughts can be seen as strategies to combat depression, rather than being focal points in explaining its development.