What is a key feature of bipolar disorder?

Bipolar disorder is characterized primarily by episodes of mood swings that range from depressive lows to manic or hypomanic highs. These mood episodes can vary in duration and intensity, and during these episodes, individuals may experience significant changes in their energy levels, activity, sleep patterns, and behavior.

This oscillation between different mood states is fundamental to the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, as it distinguishes it from other mood disorders that may present with only depressive symptoms or a continuous low mood. Options that suggest continuous low mood, severe memory impairment, or obsessive thoughts and behaviors do not align with the defining characteristics of bipolar disorder. Instead, these symptoms may relate to other mental health conditions such as major depressive disorder, cognitive disorders, or anxiety disorders, respectively. Understanding the unique aspect of mood swings is crucial for effectively recognizing and diagnosing bipolar disorder.