What characterizes Seasonal Affective Disorder?

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is characterized by its link to seasonal changes, particularly the onset of symptoms in relation to the changing seasons, commonly during fall and winter when daylight hours are shorter. The correct characterization focuses on the timing and context of these symptoms, which typically follow a specific pattern related to seasonal changes. This is distinct from the notion of occurring within three months of a stressor, which is more representative of adjustment disorders rather than SAD.

In fact, symptoms of SAD usually appear around the same time each year and may significantly improve with more exposure to sunlight or through specific treatments associated with light therapy. The relationship of SAD to seasonal light conditions is key, as it emphasizes the importance of environmental factors in triggering symptoms, contrasting it with disorders that are not tied to specific seasonal patterns. Understanding this aspect of SAD is crucial for identifying its unique characteristics and providing appropriate interventions.