What are gonads responsible for?

Gonads, which include the ovaries in females and the testes in males, are primarily responsible for producing sex hormones. These hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone in females, and testosterone in males, play crucial roles in sexual development, reproductive function, and overall sexual health. The gonads also contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast development in females and facial hair in males, influenced by these hormones.

While other options mention important bodily functions—insulin production is linked to the pancreas, metabolism regulation is complex and involves multiple hormones and organs, and calcium regulation is primarily managed by the parathyroid hormone and vitamin D—none pertain directly to the primary function of the gonads, which is the production of sex hormones essential for reproduction and sexual health.