Sigmund Freud is associated with which theoretical approach?

Sigmund Freud is primarily recognized for his development of psychodynamic theory, which emphasizes the role of unconscious processes and childhood experiences in shaping behavior and personality. Freud proposed that our thoughts and feelings are influenced by a complex interplay of unconscious motives, desires, and past experiences, especially those that occur in early childhood.

Psychodynamic theory also introduces concepts such as the id, ego, and superego, which illustrate the various components of the human psyche and their interactions. Additionally, Freud’s approaches to understanding psychological disorders through techniques like free association and dream analysis are foundational elements of psychodynamic therapy.

The other theoretical approaches mentioned do not align with Freud's contributions. The humanistic approach focuses on individual potential and stresses the importance of growth and self-actualization, which diverges from Freud's emphasis on unconscious conflicts. Behaviorism centers on observable behaviors rather than internal thought processes, differing fundamentally from Freud's focus on inner psychological states. Cognitive therapy, meanwhile, concentrates on changing negative thinking patterns, which is a shift away from the psychodynamic focus on unconscious conflict and historical context. Ultimately, Freud’s work laid the groundwork for the psychodynamic approach, making it the correct answer in this context.