How many symptoms are required for a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

For a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), a patient must exhibit a minimum of five symptoms from the diagnostic criteria outlined in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition). These symptoms should be present during the same two-week period and must represent a change from previous functioning. Among the symptoms include persistent sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, significant weight changes, sleep disturbances, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, and difficulty concentrating.

By requiring five symptoms, the framework helps ensure that the diagnosis reflects a significant and debilitating condition rather than minor mood fluctuations or temporary feelings of sadness. This criterion is crucial because it establishes a threshold that distinguishes Major Depressive Disorder from other mood-related issues and reinforces the severity and impact of the disorder on an individual's life.