For a 45-year-old man with diabetes mellitus, which vaccine is recommended if he has not previously received it?

For a 45-year-old man with diabetes mellitus who has not previously received it, the recommendation for the Hepatitis B vaccine is particularly important. Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk for hepatitis B infection due to factors such as the need for blood glucose monitoring, which can involve the use of shared equipment, and a higher likelihood of engaging in behaviors that may put them at risk.

The Hepatitis B vaccine series is recommended for all adults with diabetes, particularly those aged 19 to 59, and it is also advisable for those 60 years of age and older if they have not been vaccinated previously. This vaccination helps prevent liver disease and complications that could arise from hepatitis B infection, which can be more severe in individuals with underlying health conditions such as diabetes.

The other vaccines listed may be relevant in certain circumstances or populations, but they do not have the same level of recommendation specifically for adults with diabetes as the Hepatitis B vaccine does. Hepatitis A, Meningococcal, and Varicella zoster vaccines are not routinely indicated for diabetic patients unless there are specific risk factors or previous health histories that warrant them.