Excess levels of which neurotransmitter can lead to migraines or seizures?

Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter and plays a crucial role in synaptic transmission within the brain. It is involved in various cognitive functions, including learning and memory. However, excessive levels of glutamate can lead to neurotoxicity. This is particularly significant when it comes to conditions such as migraines and seizures.

In the case of migraines, elevated glutamate levels can increase neuronal excitability, causing a cascade of inflammatory processes in the brain that contributes to the development of a migraine attack. Similarly, in seizure disorders, excessive glutamate activity can lead to hyperexcitability of neurons, ultimately resulting in a seizure event. This association highlights the importance of maintaining balanced neurotransmitter levels for proper neural function and overall brain health.